ࡱ> h(e2 / 0DTimes New Roman0z[ 0DArialNew Roman0z[ 0 DWingdingsRoman0z[ 0 B 9.KP  @n?" dd@  @@``  q/t.     q       DH&      **!"#$&-%'(*+,)-. q  "ֳ"ֳ     A@ A5% 8c8c     ?1 d0u0@Ty2 NP'p<'pA)BCD|E||S"0 f@8 g4MdMdz[ 0ppp@ <4!d!d 0$g4&d&dz[ 0p p3<4BdBd 0$?O ʚ;Zi8ʚ;<4dddd|- 0Ը0___PPT10 ppr___PPT9TL %?z$ fCara - Waste Management That Doesn't Cost The EarthO =SWASTE MANAGEMENT LEGISLATION Dr. Peter Coulahan Cara Group Safety Manager A PRESENTATION MADE TO UCD ON BEHALF OF THE UNIVERSITY ENVIRONMENTAL UNIT NOVEMBER 25TH 2003. d$.$$W $   Waste Management Act 1996$  This is the principle piece of legislation controlling all aspects of waste handling and disposal within Ireland. It s provisions are enforced by the EPA and the various Local Authorities.   Waste Management Act 1996$  .This Act defines the various types of wastes for the purpose of Irish legislation. It introduces the concepts of the EWC, or the European Waste Catalogue. The EWC lists categories of wastes, gives them identification codes and indicates those wastes which are considered to be hazardous (see below). /P/ /  Waste Management Act 1996$  BThe Act introduces penalties for failure to adhere to the regulations contained within and allows Local Authorities and the EPA to engage in the prosecution of offenders. The maximum fine under the Act is 12.7M and the maximum jail term allowable under the Act is 10 years imprisonment. "P" " Waste Management Act 1996$  7The Act places duties on persons to reduce waste production and introduces measures to promote recycling and reuse of waste materials. It introduces general duties for holders and producers of wastes with regard to such things as documentation, record keeping and the duty of care required to the environment. 8FFF6 8  Waste Management Act 1996$  The Act makes provisions for the granting of waste licenses to waste treatment and waste disposal facilities. The Polluter Pays principle is key to the Act. $pl0   "Waste Management Act 1996$  Waste is defined as:  any substance or object & .. which the holder discards or intends or is required to discard, and anything which is discarded or otherwise dealt with as if it were waste shall be presumed to be waste until the contrary is proved.     #Waste Management Act 1996$  Hazardous waste is defined as waste which: appears on the hazardous waste list or is prescribed under section 4(2)(a)(ii) of the Waste Management Act; and also displays one or more of the properties indicated in the Second Schedule to the Act. j,PlP PUPPBX' )Waste Management Act 1996$  Municipal waste is defined as: household waste as well as commercial and other waste which, because of its nature or composition, is similar to household waste.  European Waste Catalogue$  The EWC is used for the classification of all wastes, including hazardous wastes, across the European Union. It gives a Europe wide common classification system for all wastes and is the basis for the issuing of waste licenses across the EU.   European Waste Catalogue$  The EWC indicates hazardous wastes by the use of an * after the identification code. e.g. 15 02 02* absorbents, filter material, wiping cloths, protective clothing contaminated by dangerous substances. 17 01 01 concrete demolition waste. W  GWaste Management (Hazardous Waste) Regulations 1998 (S.I. 163 of 1998) HHc G  This legislation requires the producer of hazardous waste to keep records on the quantity, nature and origin of wastes produced. This legislation also prohibits the mixing of different categories of hazardous waste together or the mixing of hazardous with any non hazardous wastes. , $ l  PEuropean Communities (Amendment of Waste Management Act 1996) (S.I. 166 of 1998)QQc P  The main provisions of this legislation relate to the operation of a waste permit system by local authorities for certain waste disposal and recovery facilities  both hazardous and non hazardous. Only waste types specified by the permit may be accepted by the site.      RWaste Management (Movement of Hazardous Waste) Regulations 1998 (S.I. 147 of 1998)SSc R  These regulations require hazardous waste producers to document the transfer of such waste to suitably licensed disposal / recovery operators within Ireland by means of a consignment note (C1). This is controlled by the Local Authorities.     TWaste Management (Transfrontier Shipment of Waste) Regulations 1998 S.I. 149 of 1998*UTc  T  These require producers of waste to notify competent authorities within the EU about the movement of waste across borders. Approval by the competent authorities in all areas of transit is required for every load along with the lodging of financial guarantees during transit.   QThe Waste Management (Collection Permit) Regulations, 2001 (S.I. No. 402 of 2001)RR# Q   This legislation requires hauliers involved in the carriage of waste to have obtained a waste collection permit. This applies to the transport of both hazardous and non hazardous wastes. The type of waste a haulier is allowed to collect is specified on the permit.     *LWaste Electronic & Electrical Equipment (WEEE) Directive & The ODS DirectiveMM L Under this directive most electronic waste goods are now classified as hazardous wastes and must therefore be disposed of as such. Equipment containing ozone depleting substances must be treated to safely remove these substances before final disposal. "PP  EPA Act 1992  $  This Act sets up of The Environmental Protection Agency and outlines its duties. The EPA has responsibility for General Pollution Control within the state.   $'Protection Of The Environment Act 2003 "(&$ ( This new act now places the responsibility of proof in the event of a dispute over illegal waste disposal on the producer of the wastes to demonstrate that they have not caused environmental pollution.  %#Office of Environmental Enforcement$$$ $ This is the enforcing arm of the EPA, which is only newly established as part of the 2002 Programme For Government. It is responsible for the enforcement of waste management legislation within the state and is conferred with a range of enforcement powers. l  0>ADR / IMDG / RID$ These are the international provisions relating to the transport of hazardous wastes in Ireland and throughout most of the world. All wastes classed as hazardous under these documents must be transported in UN type approved containers.  &#What Does All This Mean For U.C.D.?$$$ $ Hazardous wastes must be separated from non hazardous wastes prior to disposal. Waste electronic equipment must be treated as hazardous waste and be separated from non hazardous waste prior to disposal.   'What Does This Mean For U.C.D.?  $  UAll companies / hauliers used to remove waste off site must be in possession of a valid waste collection permit applicable to the waste being collected. The final destination of the waste must hold a waste license issued by the EPA or a waste permit issued by the Local Authority in respect of the material being accepted onto the site. VPR V (What Does This Mean For U.C.D.?  $  Hazardous wastes must not be sent to landfill in Ireland unless the landfill is approved to accept the specific wastes  extremely limited availability. Hazardous wastes sent to a final destination in Ireland must be accompanied by a C1 Form.   +What Does This Mean For U.C.D.?  ( *Hazardous waste sent for direct export of site must be accompanied by a Tranfrontier Shipment Document (TFS) and be guaranteed with a financial bond lodged with the competent authority of the dispatch area. If hazardous waste is being exported via a licensed Irish Transfer Station then a C1 is required for transit to the station, with the material being exported abroad on the Transfer Station s TFS.  P 1?What Does This Mean For U.C.D.?  (  eAll wastes classed as hazardous by the ADR / IMDG must be transported in UN type approved containers. f &4Perception Of Hazardous Wastes( The perception of what constitutes hazardous waste by those involved in the handling of waste at a distance from source presents a problem for UCD, in spite of the fact that in theory UCD may be in compliance with the provisions of the relevant waste management legislation.  -Perception Of Hazardous Wastes( EXAMPLE 1: Laboratory Glassware Laboratory glassware that has not come into contact with hazardous compounds is not considered as hazardous waste. In theory it may now be mixed in with non hazardous wastes (not withstanding the fact that glass wear should be recycled!). .!PP!  .Perception Of Hazardous Wastes( RThe waste arrives on a landfill site and the glass wear is encountered by a landfill operative who perceives the glassware to be a hazardous waste. He reports this to the EPA. Under the 2003 Protection Of The Environment Act the onus is now on UCD and the point of origin to prove that the glassware in question is not hazardous waste. SR S !/Perception Of Hazardous Wastes$ How do you prove this? Have you logged this bottle on a database? Is it labelled as uncontaminated? Can you trace it back to its original lab and show that it has been cleaned? Who is going to stand over the material as non hazardous? :$(  "0Perception Of Hazardous Wastes$ EXAMPLE 2: Non hazardous  lab wastes Whilst a waste may not be hazardous, the mixing of what may be perceived by others to be hazardous waste with non hazardous waste may create a problem. 6''  #1Perception Of Hazardous Wastes$ This is a problem where material such as drips, syringe bodies, swabs and other  medical /  veterinary /  laboratory type wastes have been mixed with non hazardous wastes, even if these materials have not been used or have not previously contained hazardous material.   '5Perception Of Hazardous Wastes$ PHow do you prove that this waste has never been in contact with hazardous materials? Have you logged any batch numbers for the material being disposed of? Is the material indelibly labelled as clean / unused? Can you trace it back to its original lab and show its use history? Who is going to stand over the material as non hazardous? P $2Perception Of Hazardous Wastes$ &In the event of a dispute about the nature of waste the burden of proof comes back to the producer of the waste. Where disputes arise the University may find it difficult to source outlets for its waste or hauliers to transport its waste, in addition to any prosecution that the EPA may take. 'P'(p  (6Perception Of Hazardous Wastes$ If you do produce wastes such as the ones indicated above then it is imperative that they are not mixed with non hazardous wastes. This will cause serious problems for the university and the department in question, and possibly the individual concerned.   )7Perception Of Hazardous Wastes$ cIf you do have a waste stream that contains any of the material above then designated bins for this material should be used for its storage prior to disposal with strict controls as to what goes into this bin. This material should be disposed of with a contractor who knows what to expect in the bins and can inform the landfill or treatment facility.  dPab -;Perception Of Hazardous Wastes$ qA full and complete paper trail must also be in place for the material in question in the event of any disputes. q *8%On Site Treatment Of Hazardous Wastes&&$% A separate problem may arise where the designation of material as non hazardous depends on an onsite treatment by UCD, e.g. the autoclaving of material to render it non infectious. The onus is now on UCD to validate its treatment methods for the material in question. P +9Perception Of Hazardous Wastes$ *Once the treatment methods have been validated this material should be disposed of with a contractor who knows what to expect. In many instances it is simpler to leave the waste treatment to specialist contractors who are licensed by the relevant authorities and can guarantee waste destruction. ++* ,:Perception Of Hazardous Wastes$ ^Some of the slides to be shown by the next speaker will illustrate these points more clearly. ^ .<Potential Penalties$ Prosecution by the EPA or the Local Authority of the individual, the department head or the university. 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